Cicero (106 BC – 43 BC) was a Roman politician and lawyer who is considered one of Rome’s greatest orators and prose stylists. “On Old Age” is an essay written on the subject of aging and death.
He wrote: "Those… who allege that old age is devoid of useful activity… are like those who would say that the pilot does nothing in the sailing of his ship, because, while others are climbing the masts, or running about the gangways, or working at the pumps, he sits quietly in the stern and simply holds the tiller.
He may not be doing what younger members of the crew are doing, but what he does is better and much more important.
It is not by muscle, speed, or physical dexterity that great things are achieved, but by reflection, force of character, and judgment; in these qualities old age is usually not … poorer, but is even richer."
Cicero’s Lessons on Successful Aging
1. A good old age begins in youth – Cultivate the virtues that will serve you well in old age - moderation, wisdom, courage - in your youth.
2. Old age can be a good part of life - You can live well in old age if you are wise.
3. Youth and old age differ - Accept that as physical vitality declines, wisdom can grow.
4. Elders can teach the young - Older people have much to teach the young, and younger people can invigorate older persons.
5. We can be active in old age, with limitations. - We should try to remain healthy and active while accepting our limitations.
6. The aged should exercise their minds. - We should continually learn new things.
7. Older people should be assertive. - Older people will be respected only if they aren’t too passive.
8. Sex is overrated - We should accept physical limitations and enjoy other aspects of life.
9. Pursue enjoyable, worthwhile activities. - Happiness derives in large part from doing productive work that gives us joy.
10. Don’t fear death. - Don’t cling to life - a good actor knows when to leave the stage.
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